The rotator cuff is a group of four small muscles that hold your shoulder in its shallow socket. Symptoms include pain in the front or outside of your shoulder provoked by overhead activity and sleeping. A rotator cuff strain can range from partial fraying to a complete rupture.

Strains and injuries to the rotator cuff are common, with most caused by repetitive strains over time rather than an acute injury. The problem most commonly occurs when your rotator cuff tendon gets pinched each time you raise your arm (i.e., shoulder impingement).

Young patients who have suffered an acute tear or rupture may require surgery, while most others will benefit from conservative care. You should limit painful overhead activity and try not to sleep on your irritated side, especially with your arm stretched overhead. Imaging may be required for a more complete diagnosis.